“E3’s Snapback” and Strategic Realignment: Iran’s Accelerated Pivot Towards China

by Gulf State Analytics

In this paper we discuss:

• The ‘Snapback’ mechanism in the JCPOA; 
• Iran’s strategic turn toward China; 
• Iran’s role in China’s wider Eurasian strategy; 
• The limits of this re-alignment: testing the depth of the China-Iran strategic partnership.

Download PDF: Iran’s Pivot to China September 2025