by Nato Balavadze

In this paper, we discuss:

  • France having become the Eurozone’s fiscal laggard;
  • The recent Fitch’s downgrade of France’s credit rating;
  • The market reaction to the recent fiscal news and the rating downgrade; and
  • How France’s fiscal position compares to that of Spain, Italy, Portugal and Greece.

Download PDF: France Fiscal Divide September 2025

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