The Post-Covid Recovery Deal: Not A “Hamilton Moment” But Still A Turning Point In EU History

By Grégoire Roos

In this paper we discuss:

1. The main features of the EU’s Recovery and Resilience Facility (RRF(;
2. What the implications of the deal were for the EU budget;
3. The persistence of the North-South rift;
4. The challenge of the RRF’s ratification process; and
5. The implications at national level in France, Italy and Spain.

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Download PDF: EU Update on RRF – August 2020