In this paper, we discuss:

  • Why the ECB is expected to hike rates by 25bps in September;
  • How resilient growth and rising inflation strengthen the case for an “insurance hike”;
  • Why the energy shock and second-round inflation effects remain the key risks;
  • Why further tightening beyond September is less certain;
  • How higher bond yields and Middle East tensions complicate the ECB’s outlook.

Download PDF: ECB Preview – September 2026

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