In this paper, we discuss:

  • Why the ECB is expected to hold rates in October;
  • How rising energy prices are sustaining eurozone inflation;
  • Why higher sovereign bond yields are reducing the need for immediate tightening;
  • How France’s debt crisis is complicating ECB monetary policy;
  • Why a final hike in December could move policy into restrictive territory;

Download PDF: ECB Preview – October 2026

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